The principal characteristic of geomembranes is their intrinsically low permeability to a broad range of gases, vapors, and liquids, both as single-component fluids and as complex mixtures of many constituents. As low permeable materials, geomembranes are being used in a wide range of engineering...

This specification covers prefabricated asphalt liner sheets intended for installation to provide a continuous, exposed lining for reservoirs, ponds, canals, and ditches. The liner sheets shall consist of layers of asphalt mastic between asphalt-saturated felts, mats, or fabrics, and shall be coa...

1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining qualitative and quantitative samples of macroinvertebrates in rivers, streams, lakes, and reservoirs. The device can be used in areas in which no other method is feasible.

1.2 Basket samplers are usually colonized by a wide variety of macr...

1.1 This practice covers the classification of highway vehicles into categories relating to axle or unit configuration.

1.2 Traditionally, observers have classified vehicles visually. Because of cost, safety considerations, and the need for nighttime classifications, visual classificatio...

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks.

1.2 Test Method A is applicable to heatset-type printing inks and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have initial boiling points in the range from 240 to...