1.1 This practice describes methods for determining the specimen area contributing to the detected signal in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) when this area is defined by the electron collection lens/aperture system. It is recommended as a useful means ...

1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the commonly determined trace metals (aluminum, calcium, iron, nickel, silicon, sodium, and vanadium) in laboratory analysis samples of raw and calcined petroleum coke by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

1.2 The elemental concentration ranges fo...

Consistency in analysis depends on being aware of a significant change in instrumental response, such as that caused by drift or changes in analytical precision, or both, and taking corrective action. The usual corrective action for drift is standardization. Standardization, however, when the...

1.1 This test method covers the determination of oil and grease in water extracted with an infrared-amenable membrane and measured by infrared transmission through the membrane.

1.2 This method defines oil and grease in water as that which is extractable in the test...

The influence of pulse repetition frequency(PRF) on performance of wireless digital timeuhopping spread spectrum(THSS) ultrawide bandwidth(UWB) radio systems with PPM in dense multipath fading environments is firstly investigated. The receiver used in this UWB system is a hybrid selection/maximal-ra...