In this paper, an evolving system is introduced. That any system is evolving means that any entity in the system is in developing state and entities compete with each other. Any entity can be represented by development of the entity and its environment consisting of a closed cycle. Any subsystem is ...

There has been an increasing interest in integrating decision support systems (DSS) and expert systems (ES) to provide decision makers a more accessible, productive and domain-independent information and computing environment. This paper is aimed at designing a multiple expert systems integrated dec...

In networks, the stable path problem (SPP) usually results in oscillations in interdomain systems and may cause systems to become unstable. With the rapid development of internet technology, the occurrence of SPPs in interdomain systems has quite recently become a significant focus of research. A fr...

Traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) theory assumes that decision variables are regarded as inputs or outputs, and no variable can play the roles of both an input and an output at the same time. In fact, there exist some variables that work as inputs and outputs simultaneously and are called ...

In Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs), some routing algorithms ignore that most nodes are selfish, i.e., nodes are willing to use their own resources to forward messages to nodes with whom they have a relationship. In view of this phenomenon, we propose a routing algorithm based on Geographic Informatio...